Pin-Gap Correction of Coaxial Calibration Standards for TRL or LRL Calibration

In this paper, a novel method is proposed by which to correct the pin gaps of coaxial calibration standards for Thru-Reflect-Line (TRL) or Line-Reflect-Line (LRL) calibration. This post-process in pin-gap correction applied measured S-parameters device under test (DUT) after TRL LRL It based on perturbation equations derived from sensitivity-coefficient approach. These enable us obtain quantity DUT-S-parameter due gaps. We verify simulation 2.4 mm line, and result shows that works successfully. Because equations, smaller gap, better results. Nevertheless, we can achieve sufficient results within range at least 10 times nominal value. addition, play role impedance renormalization, even though two lines have different characteristic impedance. Finally, demonstrate kit through measurement.